Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling is done in case of prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Sample taken in this way is tested and DNA of fetal cells is analyzed. Hemoglobin electrophoresis test identifies the molecules of hemoglobin in blood and separates them. Hemoglobin molecules are separated because of electrical charges on the surfaces of protein molecules, which allow them to move in an electrical field.

No remedy is there to reverse sickle cell anemia. It is very important to have an understanding of sickle cell anemia. Folic acid supplements should be taken to produce more red blood cells. The basic purpose of the treatment is to control the symptoms of sickle cell anemia. Pain crisis is treated using pain relieving medicines. Sometimes hydrea is used to reduce pain but everyone is not affected by this drug.

Bacterial infections are prevented using antibacterial drugs, antibiotics and vaccines. Sickle cell crisis is treated through blood transfusions on daily basis and help prevent strokes as well. Other sickle cell anemia treatments include:

• Kidney transplant or dialysis
• Drug rehabilitation
• Removal of gallbladder
• Hip replacement

Sickle cell anemia symptoms cause blockage of blood vessels in feet and hands which can cause swelling. Spleen may trap abnormal red blood cells, thus grow large and cause anemia. Blood transfusion is needed if spleen traps many red blood cells. Sickle cell anemia usually damages spleen. In this case, there will be chances of infection and need immediate sickle cell anemia treatment.

Breath shortness occurs in pulmonary hypertension. Stroke causes death in patients having sickle cell disease, which is caused due to blockage of blood vessels. Anemia is a common complication in sickle cell disease. Detachment and scarring of retina occur due to damage of eye blood vessel, which can cause blindness.

The signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia are associated with the complications of the disease and include:

• Fatigue
• Breath shortness
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Pale skin

Sickle cell anemia is recognized with a sudden pain in body, which is called sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell crisis affect lungs, abdomen, bones and joints. The sickle cell crisis occurs when sickle cells entangled in the bloodstream, which causes organ damage and pain. Sickle cell anemia pain can be chronic or acute. Acute pain which is more common can be severe or mild and last from hours to weeks. Chronic pain is usually unbearable and limits the routine activities.

Due to the clumps of hemoglobin, red blood cells become sickle shaped due to stiffness. These sickle shaped red blood cells get stick to the walls of blood vessels thus, hindering the blood flow. If only one copy of sickle cell anemia is inherited to offspring from one parent then the individual will not suffer from sickle cell anemia disease unless there are other medical complications as well.

People having sickle cell trait can also transfer this gene to their children. Usually these people do not possess many sickle cell anemia symptoms and have normal sickle cell anemia life expectancy. The sickling condition or sickle cell anemia causes are enhanced with the following conditions:

• Low level of oxygen
• Increased acidity
• Blood dehydration

Sickle cell anemia information shows that the normal red blood cells can move through the blood vessels more easily as compared to crescent shaped red blood cells. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin which imparts red color to the blood. Hemoglobin is a protein, which is iron rich and oxygen carrier to all parts of the body.

In case of sickle cell anemia, abnormal hemoglobin causes disc shape to transform into sickle shape. These sickle shaped red blood cells stuck into the red blood cells and cause blockage in blood vessels in organs and limbs, which then cause organ damage, infections and pain. Sickle cell anemia is life long and an inherited disease proved by sickle cell anemia research and requires sickle cell anemia treatments.

• Medications
• Radiation exposure
• Autoimmune diseases like lupus
• Exposure to toxins like heavy metals
• Infectious diseases like hepatitis or HIV

Aplastic anemia can also be inherited by children. A careful investigation can make better aplastic anemia prognosis. Most common anemia symptoms for different forms of anemia remain almost same. Most common symptoms of aplastic anemia include:

• Bruising
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Breath shortness
• Fatigue
• Enlarged spleen or liver
• Gums bleeding
• Nosebleeds
• Fever
• Sinus tenderness
• Oral thrush
• Blood in the stool
• Pale color of skin

These symptoms of aplastic anemia generally resembles other disorders of the blood so on should immediately consult doctor. Aplastic anemia symptoms in child can be investigated for a proper aplastic anemia treatment.

Aplastic anemia is a specific type of anemia, in which red blood cells count becomes less. Anemia also occurs if there is not enough hemoglobin in the body. Aplastic anemia is a serious but rare form of anemia, which can get worse if treatment is not given at proper time.
Aplastic anemia is sometimes also referred to as bone marrow failure in which body is unable to make platelets, white blood cells and red blood cells. Aplastic anemia treatment includes medicines, blood transfusions and transplants of bone and marrow stem cells. Treatment of aplastic anemia is same as sickle cell anemia treatment. Survival rate of aplastic anemia is less.