Iron deficiency anemia treatment depends upon whether the patient has not taken enough iron in the diet or he is not absorbing iron or he is losing iron due to medication abuse in case of tumors and due to alcoholic gastritis. The doctor will then recommend iron rich foods like dried fruits, sea foods, green vegetables and beans/grains or iron pills. In case of severe iron deficiency anemia which may be caused by blood loss, surgery hormone injections and blood transfusion will become necessary anemia treatment.

Monthly vitamin B-12 injections are the necessary vitamin B-12 deficiency anemia treatment. Unfortunately no diet and iron pills work in this regard unless it is diagnosed early.A dietary correction is necessary for the treatment of folic acid deficiency.Main folic acid sources are milk.cheese, poultry, leefy vegetables, eggs, yeast, liver, raw fruits and kidney beans.

• Complete blood count which is done to confirm size, number, volume ad hemoglobin content.
• Blood iron and ferritin level which is a best indicator of body’s total iron reserves and iron deficiency anemia.
• Folate and vitamin B12 level.
• There are some special blood test to detect some rare causes of anemia like immune attack on red blood cells, defects of enzymes and red blood cells fragility.
• For hemolytic anemia, tests are done that require identifying the breakdown products of RBCs in blood and urine.
• In rare cases regarding bone marrow and anemia, doctors need to remove a bone marrow sample to determine the causes of anemia.

Anemia does not involve in creating symptoms always so the doctor has to check other symptoms as well.

The main objective of surgery is to remove the entire tumor. After removing the tumor a pathologist examines if there is any sign of bone cancer and the cancer stage. A surgeon will replace the part of bone removed with some material. Chemotherapy is used prior to surgery which can shrink the bone tumor to make it easy for surgery.

The bone cancer treatment plan includes:

• Surgery to remove the entire bone cancer
• Surgery to remove a limb
• Surgery to remove the cancer sparing the limb
• Surgery for cancer not affecting the limbs
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Hormone therapy
• Biphosphonates

There are some effective and safe ways to treat bone cancer pain. Medications in this regard plays an effective role.

Complete examination includes testing muscle strength, sensation to reflexes and muscles. The doctor may refer certain blood tests to help diagnose bone cancer.

Bone cancer diagnosis depends on the situation as different imaging tests are recommended for the diagnosis and treatment of bone cancer.

The presenting bone cancer symptom is usually a bone pain. In some cases, pathologic fracture can be present which is most common in the lower extremity as compared to the upper extremity. Regarding diagnosis of bone cancer radiologic finding on x-ray causes destruction of the bone.

In those patients having primary malignant tumor with a destructive, painful bone lesion, a metastatic cancer diagnosis is made usually with assurance. Tests and recommended scans for bone cancer diagnosis include:

• Bone scans
• Computerized tomography (CT scan)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Positron emission tomography (PET)
• X-rays

Bone pain is generally the most common symptom of bone cancer. Bone pain in case of bone cancer begins with a feeling of tenderness in the bone affected with pain. Bone cancer pain starts as a persistent pain but gradually becomes worse at night. Bone cancer is misunderstood with arthritis.Symtoms of bone cancer include:

• Inflammation in the affected area
• Swelling in the affected area
• A detectable lump on or around the affected bone
• Swelling near a joint
• Sweating
• High temperature fever
• Unexplained weight loss
• Weakened bones, leading to fractures
• Fatigue

Bone cancer can also interfere with normal movements of a body. In this way it can weaken the bones sometimes leading to fracture. A child will need medical advice if bone pain is persistent for more than three days.

Medical treatment along with intravenous fluids, antibiotics and blood transfusion in case of severe conditions may be required. If toxins/drugs are the cause of jaundice, these should be discontinued immediately. Newborn jaundice is treated by exposing the newborn to special colored lights like phototherapy. Sometimes blood transfusion becomes necessary to lower the high bilirubin levels in blood. In some cases, surgical treatment is required.

Relief of jaundice symptoms can be done at home by following the tips as under:

• Drinking fluids will help to maintain proper hydration
• Only those medicines should be taken which are prescribed by the doctor.
• In case of jaundice, avoid herbal medicines; supplements etc.This can cause many side effects.
• Patient should avoid drinking alcohol.
• The doctor may provide certain dietary restrictions.
• Parents should place the newborn baby to a well lit window which can help decreasing elevated bilirubin levels.
• Breast feeding jaundice required proper milk intake

Bone cancer symptoms or signs of bone cancer show that long bones like arms or legs are mostly affected by bone cancer. The causes of bone cancer are just similar to those of a common cancer.

The exact cause of bone cancer is unknown. The doctors rarely indicate the exact cause of bone cancer.However; it is evident that bone cancer is not a contagious disease. Bone cancer develops in person who has some risk factors to develop this condition. Risk factors, itself do not cause bone cancer, rather they increase the risk and chances to develop bone cancer.

There are some risk factors to which bone cancer is linked.

• People with hereditary retinoblastoma
• Family history of bone cancer
• Being a child a child or young adult
• Previous radiation or chemotherapy
• History of Paget’s disease.

The doctor’s advice will be based on medical history, person’s age and other related factors

Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS-related cancer is done by lab tests, biopsies, imaging tests, endoscopies and all methods used for diagnosis of cancer. Treatment plan is developed after confirmation of cancer and then different stages of cancer are determined.

HIV/AIDS-related cancer treatment varies depending on type of cancer which is diagnosed. Common methods used for cancer treatment include radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery.However; patients with HIV/AIDS face a challenge in the type of cancer treatment because of low white blood cell counts and a weakened immune system. All these factors complicate the cancer treatment.But, sometimes anti- HIV therapy leads to better results too.

There are three HIV transmission routes which are:

• Unprotected sexual contact between partners
• Exposure to infected body fluids or tissues
• Mother to fetus or child during child birth period

Currently no HIV/AIDS treatment is there except antiviral therapy but these drugs are expensive and majority of the HIV/AIDS infected individuals do not have access to these antiviral drugs.

Human papillomavirus infection: Infection with HIV/AIDS increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.HPV passed from one person to other during sexual activity. There are certain types of HPV and some type are associated with certain types of cancers. A factor that increases the risk of HPV also includes becoming sexually active at an early age.

HHV-8 infection: HHV-8 is generally related to other herpes viruses like those viruses which cause cold sores and genital herpes or cytomegalovirus.HHV-8 infection is basically associated with Kaposi’s sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma.

Epstein Barr virus infection: EBV is a herpes related virus that is involved in mononucleosis. It is also associated with:

• Primary effusion lymphoma
• High-grade B-cell lymphoma
• Primary central nervous system lymphoma

Symptoms of AIDS-related cancer include:

• Fever
• Night sweats
• Tiredness
• Weight loss during dieting
• Painless swelling in lymph nodes in the neck, underarm and groin area

If patient has symptoms of lymphoma or AIDS, doctor will carefully check any swelling in arm, underarm and in groin area.

Further tests are recommended to see the cancer spread rate. The results of the diagnostic tests will help the doctor to suggest better tracheal cancer treatment. The tracheal cancer tests include:

• CT scan
• X-rays
• MRI
• Bronchoscopy
• Rigid bronchoscopy

Treatment of tracheal cancer depends on number of factors which depends  on general health, the size and position of the cancer, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body or not. The main tracheal cancer treatments are radiotherapy and surgery. They can be used alone or in combination.

Chemotherapy is generally used to relieve tracheal cancer symptoms. This type of chemotherapy is known as palliative chemotherapy. The treatment is usually carried out in the specialist cancer treatment centre. If surgery is needed for tracheal cancer treatment, the tumor will be operated by a specialist surgeon who specializes in chest and lung surgery.